With respect to assisted reproductive techniques (ART), it is assessed to occur in 20-30% pregnancies. Vanishing twin syndrome is evaluated to happen in 36% of twin pregnancies and in half of the pregnancies that begins with at least three or more gestational sacs. Since ultrasonography and transvaginal sonography in early pregnancy, vanishing twin syndrome is more frequently diagnosed. It was disclosed in 1945 by Stoeckel that the rate of multiple gestations is greater than the rate of their birth, i.e., a twin or even multiple can be lost during multi-fetus pregnancy before the mother is even aware of the loss or the fact that she was carrying multiple fetuses. īefore the advent of ultrasound, little was known about the phenomenon of vanishing twin syndrome (VTS). This phenomenon can range from the disappearance of an early empty gestational sac to a sac that had developed a fetal pole to a fetus with documented heart activity.
Twin loss can happen in the form of miscarriage, of which the mother is aware or in the form of vaginal bleeding or spotting in the first trimester without any knowledge of the mother, as vaginal bleeding is instead a frequent obstetric complication during the first trimester of pregnancy so that the twin loss may go unnoticed. This phenomenon occurs in multi-fetus pregnancies, commonly during the first trimester. In simple words, the number of embryos conceived, as observed via ultrasonographic examination in early pregnancy, differs from the number of fetuses delivered.
Vanishing twin syndrome, as the name depicts, is a condition in which one of a set of twins or multiple embryos dies in utero, disappear, or gets resorbed partially or entirely, with an outcome of a spontaneous reduction of a multi-fetus pregnancy to a singleton pregnancy, portraying the image of a vanishing twin. This activity covers the interprofessional approach to health care of the patient necessary to prevent errors and improve health care outcomes through communication, staying up-to-date on the patient’s current health status, and physical and diagnostic evaluation of the patient. If the loss of twins is identified during the second or third trimester, the health care provider needs to monitor more carefully the health of the mother and the remaining fetus and watch closely for any signs of complications. Care coordination between health care team members, i.e., an obstetrician/gynecologist, nurse, and clinical staff before and during the pregnancy, is essential, as detecting a vanishing twin during early pregnancy via ultrasonographic examination has many benefits. This phenomenon occurs in about half of pregnancies with three or more gestational sacs, 36% twin pregnancies, and 20 to 30% of pregnancies achieved with assisted reproductive techniques. When one of the twins or multiple embryos dies in utero, disappear or get resorbed partially or entirely, with an outcome of a spontaneous reduction of a multi-fetus pregnancy to a singleton pregnancy, portraying the image of a vanishing twin.
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